Sizes and other things about drawing sheets

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The recommended dimensions of drawing sheets for engineers, technologists and architects is given below

A0: 841 x 1189 

A1: 594 x 841

A2: 420 x 594

A3: 297 x 420

A4: 210 x 297

Borders  on drawing sheets

A minimum border of 20mm from the edge of the drawing sheet ( A0 & A1). 

Title and information on drawing sheets

Important information related to the job and drawings should be placed in the bottom right hand corner of the drawing sheet ( panel 1).

The information should consist of the following;

  1. Office project number
  2. Project title
  3. Drawing number
  4. Drawing title
  5. Office of origin
  6. Scale
  7. Drawn by (name)
  8. Checked by ( name)
  9. Date of drawing.

Another panel ( panel 2) should be provided to contain necessary reference to relevant information such as units, bar schedule, revisions list of abbreviations and so on.

European Champions Chelsea, defeat Zenit St. Petersburg

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European Champions League Winners, Chelsea started the defense of their title with a 1-0 win against Zenit St. Petersburg at Stamford Bridge. 

Zenit St. Petersburg gave Chelsea a run for their money. Chelsea were restricted to just 2 shorts at goal throughout the match. But they showed their class when Lukaku headed the ball into the net in the 69th from a brilliant cross by Cesar Azpilicueta.

In the other game in group E, Juventus defeated Malmoe FF 3-0 to go top of the group.

In group F, Manchester United lost to Young Boys 2-1, Manchester United open scoring with Cristiano Ronaldo in the 13th minute. They were in control of the match until Saka earned a red card for a dangerous foul in the 35th minute. Young boys took full advantage of the situation and went on to defeat United 2-1. Their second goal was aided by an error from Lingard. Manchester United are now bottom of group F after Villarreal and Atalanta played a 2-2 draw.

In group G, Sevilla drew 1-1 with Salzburg while Lille also played a goalless draw with Wolfsburg.

In group E, Barcelona lost 3 nil at home to Bayern Munich while Dynamo Kyiv played a goalless draw with Benfica. 

Popular South Korean Pastor, David Yonggi Cho has Died.

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David Yonggi Cho

Popular South Korean Minister, David Yonggi Cho has died. He was 85 years old. He died on 14 September, 2021. He was said to have died due to complications from a stroke.He was born 14 February 1936. 

He is the co-founder of Yoido Full Gospel Church, the church with the World’s largest congregation. The Church is said to have over 830,000 members as of 2007.

Yonggi Cho was raised initially as a Buddhist, but converted to Christianity at the age of 17

He was a trained Bible Scholar. His Ministry concentrated on Evangelism and Church growth. 

In 1979 he founded Church Growth International an organization dedicated to teaching Evangelism and Church growth to pastors all over the World. Yonggi Cho also founded several other Christian organizations including a newspaper and university. 

He is a mentor to many pastors all over the World.

He retired in 2008 with Young Hoon Lee succeeding him as senior pastor.

The work of Shock Absorbers in your Car

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shock absorbers

The work of shock absorbers is primarily to reduce the oscillations, up and down motions or vibrations your car makes during movement on uneven roads. It also enables your car to remain stable particularly at high speeds. 

A car with a bad shock absorber will result in a very uncomfortable  driving experience. The uncontrolled oscillations produced can result in damage to the under parts of your car. Occupants in your car too will have a rough ride.

Shock absorbers also known as dampers convert kinetic energy to heat which is in turn dissipated into the surroundings.

There are two types of shock absorbers;The pneumatic and the hydraulic types. 

The first type uses highly compressed gas as the damping component while the second type uses a viscous fluid as the main damping component

The hydraulic type is the most commonly used in vehicles.

Your car normally will have four shock absorbers, one by the inner side of each tire.

A major sign of a faulty or damaged shock absorber is hydraulic fluid leakage. You will see it on the body of the shock absorber.

To avoid damage to your shock absorbers, make sure to drive carefully on uneven roads. Avoid strong impacts into portholes or bumps.