Paracetamol is a commonly used over-the-counter (OTC) medication that is effective for relieving pain and reducing fever. It is often used to treat headaches, toothaches, muscle aches, and mild to moderate pain associated with colds and flu.

The Active Ingredient

The active ingredient in paracetamol is acetaminophen. It works by blocking the production of certain chemicals in the brain that cause pain and fever.

How Paracetamol is Made

Paracetamol is synthesized in a laboratory through a series of chemical reactions. The process involves starting with a chemical compound called p-aminophenol, which is then converted into acetaminophen through a series of steps.

How to Use Paracetamol

Paracetamol is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, syrups, and suppositories. The appropriate dosage will depend on your age, weight, and the specific condition you are treating. It is important to follow the instructions on the packaging or as directed by your doctor or pharmacist.

When Not to Use Paracetamol

You should not use paracetamol if you:

• Are allergic to acetaminophen or any other ingredients in the medication
• Have liver or kidney problems
• Are taking other medications that contain acetaminophen
• Are pregnant or breastfeeding without consulting your doctor

Effects of Overdosage

Overdosing on paracetamol can be serious and even fatal. Symptoms of paracetamol overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, sweating, confusion, and drowsiness. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.

Side Effects

While paracetamol is generally safe when used as directed, it can cause side effects in some people. Common side effects include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Constipation
• Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling)